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| Company in the year 1863. |
The steel making in Koroska (Carinthia)
has its roots, in antiquity: the Romans had high praise for Noris (i.e. Koroska
iron). The beginnings of the production of steel in Ravne go back to the 14th
century, while the year 1620 is documented as the year in which the first
ironworks were built in Crna na Koroskem. Their later owners, the counts of
Thurn, joined the ironworks in Crna, Mezica and Ravne into one company. They
named it the Ravne Steelworks Jurij the Count of Thurn and the year of the
prosperity of the first ironworks in Crna was preserved in its name until this
century, when of all the ironworks only the Ravne Steelworks continued operating.
In the 19th century, Thurn's steels received many awards at international
exhibitions and were sold all over Europe from France to Russia, even to China.
Effort for modernisation of devices, quality of products and a wide product
range contributed to the overcoming of a major crisis at the end of the 19th
century, a crisis which destroyed the majority of ironworks in Koroska.
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Company in the year
about 1900. |
The Ravne Steelworks was, however,
affected by World War I when the production was performed mainly for the
Austrian army and thus they had great financial difficulties at the end of the
war. They solved them by joining the Bohler company which meant the end of its
independence. During World War II they worked for the German war industry. After
the end socialist Yugoslavia in which industrialisation was one of the basic
goals, needed a lot of steel and steel products. The true ascent of the Ravne
Steelworks began in the middle of 1945.
The Steelworks expanded in cycles of five-year plans. As a rule, during one
cycle they invested into new plants and equipment, during the next they worked
intensively on acquired capacities after which investments took place
simultaneously with work. Thus they gradually rebuilt all facilities from the
steel foundry and ironworks to the forge and rolling mill, and built a
mechanical processing facility. The new characteristic of Ravne was that
parallel to steel production they were consistently concerned about steel
processing development.
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| Company in the year
1914. |
Production grew every year, the factory
expanded, the number of emplayees increased and the town grew, until 1952 it was
still a market town called Gustanj, and since then it has been the town of Ravne
na Koroskem.
At the time of their first peak, in 1913 the Ravne Steelworks achieved a
production of 10 354 tons; in 1950 they produced 12 731 tons of raw steel and in
1968 the production was 101 300 tons. In 1946 the, steelworks had 622 employees
and in 1969 there were 3400.
In 1969 the company was merged with Jesenice and Store steelworks into the
company Slovenian Steelworks (Slovenske Zelezarne). Due to the conjunction of
circumstances greater attention was paid to the development of mechanical
processing, and the company crossed municipal and national borders. Over the
next decade the companies TRO Prevalje, Kovinarstvo Ljubno, Armature Muta and
Bratstvo Varvarin joined the company and in 1986 also Monter Dravograd.
At that time the production reached its peak. Aproximately 7000 employees
produced 237 000 tons of raw steel. The entire company was new or renevated. The
ESU process enabled the production of ingots weighing up to 36 tons with a
diameter of up to 1000 mm. The introduction of ladle metallurgy with vacuum
oxidation and blowing of argon onto the melt increased production capacities to
260 000 tons per year. Computer control of melting procedure ensured stable
quality and conisiderable savings. The GFM forging line increased capacity,
improved quality and working conditions. Production consists of rolled steel,
forgings, steel casts; cold forged steel rods and extruded iron wire. The most
modern methods were used for quality control.
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| City Ravne in the year
1984. |
The Ravne Steelworks products are used in
industries ranging from heavy industry to food service, and especially in ship
construction, equipment for heavy industry, equipment and tools for the
production of pipes and other profiles, equiprnent for oil drilling, dies forges;
etc. Substantial part of production is sold to foreign markets. Part of this
success is related to organize personel policy. In their own Metallurgical
Industrial School they have so far educated over 2000 qualified workers and
regularly provided scholarships for studies on secondary schools and
universities.
The company has done much for environmental protection. Solid fuels were
gradually replaced with liquid ones and the use of generator gas in heating was
entirely stopped. The construction of a heating plant for the factory and the
town of Ravne was extremely important. With the installation of dust collecting
devices, SO2 emissions were reduced from 4 000 tons in 1967 to less than 300
tons per year.
The area developed along with the company. A small market town which had only
1243 inhabitants in 1910 had almost 10 000 people in 1985. They built over 1700
apartments and over 1600 employees, were granted the loans for the construction
of individual houses from which the villages Dobja vas, Sance, Janece, Dobji
Dvor, Brdinje, Kotlje and Strojanska Reka were built. The Steelworks helped
build of secondary school, two primary schools and numerous cultural and sports
centers. They organised an internatiorzal Formia viva symposium, the steel
sculptures of which decorate the town and the vally.
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Company Headquarter in
the year 1985. |
With the transition to a market economy
and loss of markets from other Yugoslav countries in 1991, the Ravne Steetworks
entered a period of major crisis. They overcame it by restructuring the whole
organization, production and financial help extended by Government of the
Republic of Slovenia. Since the Ravne Steelworks was built for the Yugosiav
market (at least up to 50 %), its production programmes had to be reviewed and
adapted to the requirements of the new, predominnantly international market. At
the beginning of 1992, searching for better ,solutions led to the division of
the Steelworks into individual companies and at the end of 1994 there were 8
companies owned by the Holding of Slovenian Steelworks: Metal, Jeklolivarna,
Nozi, STO, Stroji, Armature Muta, Energetika, and Stanovanjsko podjetje.
A technologically connected production system thus remains in Ravne which
together with know how will enable further development. Rehabilitation has not
yet been completed. Its ultimate goal is business operation with profit, which
will enable privatisation procedures.
Today Ravne is the bearer of the entire Slovenian long product programme in
steel metallurgy, with all possibilities for a successful processing in their
own company. Successful restructuring is a basic condition of long and rich
tradition of steel making in Koroska.
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