The setting of Tosca in Rome opens up so many gastronomic possibilities! No Italian opera singer would discount the importance of food in Italian opera. In the case of Tosca, it's fun to speculate about what the characters were actually eating.

The Lunch Basket
Tosca's lover, Cavaradossi, had a basket lunch brought to him by the church sacristan. Probably this lunch was not very different from what is eaten in Rome today. It would have had a loaf of bread - probably white, as Cavaradossi was a nobleman (peasants ate dark bread, the well-to-do ate white); a local sheep cheese, like the Cacio di Roma or Sini Fulvi Pastore that we can find today. No doubt there would have been a farm-cured salami and a jug of wine - possibly a white from Orvieto.

Scarpia's Dinner
Now to what Scarpia was eating on that fateful night. As the police chief of Rome, he would have eaten in the style of Roman nobility. Since it was evening, his dinner was a lighter version of the main meal of the day eaten at mid-afternoon.
As today, food was status for people like Scarpia. His dinner earlier in the day would probably have begun with a tray of artfully arranged small appetizers like prosciutto wrapped in colorful marzipan, savory tartlets of nuts and greens, and small fritters of sweetbreads or, perhaps, oysters. A soup would follow this course - possibly a capon broth with tiny ravioli floating in it, their filling consisting of breast of capon, cheese, cinnamon, nutmeg, marrow, and herbs. Then there would be either a roasted whole fish stuffed with truffles or, perhaps, hare cooked in a pungent sweet/sour sauce of black pepper, sugar, vinegar, nuts, fruits, and red wine. Once this dish was removed, the servants would present a large silver platter with a whole baby lamb roasted and turned on a spit over an open fire until glazed to a mahogany brown. The tender meat would have been laced with strips of prosciutto and basted with wine and herbs. For dessert, Scarpia probably had trays of tiny cookies and fanciful marzipan and, perhaps, an elaborate molded frozen dessert layering cake and iced cream. When Tosca enters I've always imagined that Scarpia was just finishing the dessert. That Spanish wine referred to might have been a sweet one - possibly a dark golden and rich Oloroso Sherry.